Oil is vital to the economy of all industrial nations and absolutely essential to the United States. The Middle East, with half of the world’s oil reserve, continued to be the largest single sources of imported oil.Ensuring access to the regions oil is the major security priority for the United States. Estimates have shows that in the 1990s, the Countries of Western Europe used the three times as much energy per capita as those of the Global North and United States consumed nearly seven times as much. Most of the conventional oil resources are concentrated in five Middle Eastern countries: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran and Libya, which are able to manipulate this critical energy sources to the advantage end disadvantage of the oil exporting countries as they have done in the past.