Reasons behind Dropout of Female Students

Early marriage is the most predominant reason behind the dropout of female students from schools. Though the minimum official age for marriage in Bangladesh is 18 for women and 21 for men, marriage especially in rural areas and among the poorer section of the populace occurs before the age limit.

The Effects of Poverty on Educational Attainment of Children

Investment in education depends on the demand for and supply of education, the demand being affected by benefits of education and supply by costs of education. In Bangladesh, social benefits of education are especially high for primary level, but for individual households in rural areas it is the secondary education that gives high returns. Private costs of education at primary level are negligible because of state subsidies and low opportunity cost in terms of foregone earnings of children.

High School Dropout Problems in Bangladesh

The secondary level of education in Bangladesh is particularly plagued by dropout problem. The severity of the dropout issue prompted the Bangladesh Bureau of Educational Information and Statistics (BANBEIS) to carry out an in-depth study in 2002. As reported in the leading national newspaper, The Daily Star, the study revealed, “dropout rates at secondary and higher secondary levels of education remain alarmingly high despite government efforts to reduce the rates. over 80 percent (of) high school students quit schools without having their secondary school certificates (SSC) while 36.52 percent (of) intermediate

Costs Representing the Supply of Education

Private costs both direct and indirect costs are affected by public policies, the incidence of child labor and labor market conditions. If there is a high demand for child labor in the labor market, opportunity costs of keeping children at school will be high for poor families. Gender differences in costs and benefits may also arise depending on the role of women in the economy, society and the family.

The Impact of Income on Educational Investment

Investment in educational human capital in developing countries may be studied using Becker´s framework for the demand and supply of human capital. The demand represents the present discounted value of benefits (labour market earnings), and the supply represents the present discounted costs of education (school fees, travel costs, opportunity costs in terms of foregone earnings).There are several points attached to the issue of demand that are important.

Conceptual Issues Relating To Poverty and Education

The study of poverty and education is difficult not only because of the circular nature of the relationship. It is complex because poverty has many dimensions that are affected by education. Poverty signifies lack of income, and deprivation in terms of political and civil rights, voice, freedom of choice, and the quality of life based on health and education. While education is a goal in itself, it can be instrumental to poverty alleviation working not only through income but through its influence on other dimensions of poverty.

Education in Bangladesh

Bangladesh has been facing daunting challenges in education. Although over the years, mention-worthy progress has been made at the primary level of education. Education at the secondary and tertiary levels have remained beset with a number of serious problems, such as poor enrolment rate, high dropout rate and low success rate in tests of academic capabilities. The end result is that, by some estimates, only 3 out of 100 every 100 potentially eligible young men and women in Bangladesh complete their graduation. This statistics has alarming implications both for the young people in a poor country like Bangladesh as well as for the progress of the nation in general. Such startling information can only help dampen the most of Bangladeshis when we know that the largest foreign exchange earnings come from the hard work and the sweat of the migrant labor of Bangladesh.

Advancement of Education System- Democracy

It is gratifying to that Bangladesh has much headway in expanding coverage access to basic education with a view to building a knowledge-based society. For the first time in its history more that 98 percent of the children have started going to school. Gender parity in primary enrollment is almost a reality now.

Sound System of Education for Democracy

Where there is illiteracy, it becomes difficult to make democracy successful. Because many qualities such as sacrifice, sympathy, selfless service of the country, discipline, fraternity, etc. are needed to make democracy a success. The people should also have the sense of understanding political, economic and social problems facing the country. The citizens can acquire these qualities only through literacy.

Major problems & issues of primary education

The primary education in Bangladesh is riddled with a lot of problems. It is mostly centralized, quality of teaching is very low, numerous gaps like rural-urban, boys-girls, formal non-formal etc. are aggravating the problems in education. So, the major problems and issues of our primary education may be cited as under:
1. Government the main provider: Bangladesh has one of the largest centralized systems of primary education in the world. Close to half of the primary schools in Bangladesh are financed and run by the govt. Another quarter is registered as non-governmental primary schools. Non-formal schools operated by NGOs also provide primary schooling to about 3 million children.

Present state of primary education of Bangladesh

Bangladesh has made significant progress in primary education in recent years. 97% of school age population in Bangladesh was enrolled in primary schools in the year 2000. The ratio of boys and girls in primary education is 51:49 while the ratio of male and female teachers is 34:66. However, the dropouts over the five year cycle of primary education have declined from 80% in 1970 to 35% at present primary education expenditure per student is $23.
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Children’s access to formal education varies by socio-economic status

Educational attainment is part of who are and what we want to become. The same feeling could be felt for the children of the sex workers in Bangladesh. But unfortunately the system of education for these children in Bangladesh is subjected to the dependence of Non- Government organizational sources. Over the years variety of complications grew out of several conditions and factors that affect the process of educational attainment of these students. In spite of all the barriers and obstacles, these students are making their own position and securing a place at Nation. Ministry of Social Welfare is working for CSW through various NGOs. But there is no proper attempt which has been taken till now.

Initiative of teachers increase to women’s education of Bangladesh

Moadhobpur teachers encouraged to take initiative to extend of education. Although no initiative is taken to extend women education in this area, but emphases are put on at this subject from school. There is such an evidence in 200 -Shoukot Ara Hossain that begum Rokeya, Ishwar Chondro, vidya sagar have worked for extending women’s education.

Girls are able to continue education in shadow of Grameen Shikka

Girl students of madhobpur has developed a sense of confidence because of G.S scholarship. If their parents are unable to continue their education, they will have effort to study on there can be seen in the case of Fahima, sonia and most of them. Such examples of confidence are shown in G.S shikkha barta- 2006.

Education about economic and legal rights in Bangladesh

Because of socialization process women are forced to stay in private sphere while men are in public sphere. So men are considered as holders of economy. Womens household works remain invisible. So, to count women’s work as valuable, to establish their rights in family and to make them self independent, Education is provided to make the proper use Grameen Bank micro credit. By giving books and shouing photos it is presented to learners, how a helpless women captures success gradually through micro credit she does not stop, even facing various social bisdings, but can raises voice.

Contribution of NGOs in education of Bangladesh

Forth five year plan inspired NGOs to work for eructation. When Bangladesh government is unable to spread the light of Education in the remote place, NGOs have extended their work discuses NGOs intervention in education. He shows that since liberation war NGOs are working to literate the illiterate people. Such as BRAC, PROSHIKA, KARITAS BANGLADESH,CARE, WORLD VISIONN have nonformal education, vocational-technical education program.

The Social functions of education

The basic dual function :

Each person is prepared by society for future life within it. However trite this statement may it contains the basis for analyzing the function of education. The school system is a deliberate attempt to maintain the normative and action pattorne of socioty by influencing its now entrants. In any society is an interplay between the normative and behavior patterns and the school is often forced to play the role of reference in maintaining values while facing the realities of actual behavior.

The administrative environment in education

Educational aims are an inevitable source of conflict to between people in the institution and between them and members of the wider society consequently, society has to devise means for controlling the educational system. At the formal level it happens though the operation of local educational government, and other voluntary bodes. It also happens in a way bes described by pointing out that the incumbents of the status positions in the educational system are also product of the wider society Consequently we can never assume that the school is separate from society - it is that the school is separate from society - society own with column runs it.k Cause this organic aspect or the educational system is fairly obvious we can spend more time on analyzing the formal control of education.

The Social environment of the institution of education

Two aspects of social environment are important in the study of education –taht of the child and that of the system . This is not to say, of course, that there are two environments, but only that there are two important perspectives from which the social process may be viewed in both cases the environmental consists of intersecting and overlapping social groups and institutions. In looking at the school as a social establishment. surrounded by other groups we have to discover the extent to which it is able to control its own life There is however. a much more complicated level at which the influencing takes place, in this case, we have to look, at the extent to which the value –system and behavior bitterns oof outside groups interpenetrate those held by the personnel of the school. A simple diagram illustrates relations between the four elements. Relationships.

Adaptation to education

Previous sections have put together a model of the school as social process in which all members are constantly evaluating each others actions and modifying their behavior accordingly Such a model has been chosen because it provides a their behavior accordingly. Such a model has been chosen because it provides a link two other models – taht a formal structure and that of self – concept development. We are now in a position to put them together so as to provide a picture of the school. which recognizes that they are just different ways of describing the same thing.